Request Tutoring Info
Please enter name
Please enter email
Please enter phone
Please enter details
Saddle Brook College Algebra tutors

Book Top-Rated College Algebra Tutors Near Me In Saddle Brook, NJ

Our Saddle Brook College Algebra tutors are top college students and graduates from local area universities. They have an average GPA of 3.5 or higher in their areas of tutoring specialization. At Frog Tutoring, we work with students in all grade levels and our Saddle Brook private College Algebra tutors provide customized one on one in-home tutoring through our proven three step approach to academic success.

1.Bring student up to speed by reviewing past work to ensure they are not missing any important concepts that might affect their abilities to learn future lessons. 2. Keep student ahead of the class by using the teachers lesson plan, textbook, and online curriculum to cover lessons before it is taught in class. 2. Reinforce key concepts they might have missed. This ensures they will never be behind again. Your tutor will also help with organization, study skills, and note taking strategies.
Your Saddle Brook area College Algebra tutor will also track student progress through detailed session reports which will be available to you at the end of each tutoring session. If it is okay with you, your tutor will contact your child's teacher, for K-12, to get a more detailed understanding of what they are struggling with and also to make sure that he/she and the teacher are both on the same page in their approach to tackling the problem.

Browse our list of qualified College Algebra tutors below. If you are in need of an College Algebra tutor in Saddle Brook, please call us or simply go to the tab above and Request a Tutor and let us help provide the understanding and assistance needed for success.

Read more... Read less
cnn cbs boston miami fox news

List of High-Achieving College Algebra Tutors Near Me In Saddle Brook, NJ For In-Person & Online Tutoring


How it works

tutors, tutoring, tutoring service, tutoring services, homework help, private tutors, home tutors

Request any tutor by submitting a form

tutors, tutoring, tutoring service, tutoring services, homework help, private tutors, home tutors

Speak with our enrollment advisor to get your questions answered

tutors, tutoring, tutoring service, tutoring services, homework help, private tutors, home tutors

Get connected with your private in-person or online tutor

>

Our Students and Parents Love Us
as Much as We Love Them

SM
Knowledge
Presentation

Kevin is knowledgeable about math, and he knows how to teach. I’m very rusty on my skills, but he’s been nothing but patient with me. He absorbs my weaknesses and focuses on what I need help with. I appreciate all he’s done so far.

TG
Knowledge
Presentation

McKenna has done a great job of working with my daughter on geometry.

TM
Knowledge
Presentation

school rating and grades improved.

NC
Knowledge
Presentation

I am so happy with this tutoring, my son is engaged all the time. He loves to work in the computer and the activities that they do during the tutoring. She used many different way and form in order to keep him engaged.

EC
Knowledge
Presentation

Annie is great!!!!

EC
Knowledge
Presentation

Madi is fantastic!!

NT
Knowledge
Presentation

I don't sit next to my 9yo during sessions, and this is the first time I ever used a tutor. I can tell you that using a tutor eliminates all the fighting and whining from my kid about doing homework which makes me very happy. They get a lot done during an hour. The tutor is focused, prepared,...

PM
Knowledge
Presentation

Fabulous. Olivia is engaging, knowledgeable, and a delight to work with. Highly recommend. Always punctual. Always reliable. Always helpful. Competent with both homework help and direct instruction.

CH
Knowledge
Presentation

Extremely knowledgeable and gave direct examples of certain concepts I had trouble with. He also helped assess some of the specific terminology that I need to look for on the exam.

TG
Knowledge
Presentation

Chigbo explains concepts in a way that makes it easy to understand. My daughter's understanding and confidence had a real boost in just two days.

JE
Knowledge
Presentation

Matthew was very knowledgable in the CFP topics and is very flexible with his ability to review materials and go through the questioning.

KK
Knowledge
Presentation

Ivan is absolutely amazing with his knowledge, He is my tutor for college level pre-calculus and I can confidently say that I would not be able to get through my class without ivans help with the class material. He has great patience and will explain and walk you through each problem until you need...

AC
Knowledge
Presentation

Very encouraging and goes at a good pace which has been immensely beneficial. Very punctual, there's never been any issues with scheduling. Overall, I have been enjoying my sessions and I look forward to more as he helps me prepare for my ACT.

CP
Knowledge
Presentation

Taitana Has tutored my daughter in math and english, she has my daughter think differently in problem solving and expanded her vocabulary. She never gives you the answer but helps you solve a problem together for my daughter to understand why the problem or word is not correct. Will request her...

NB
Knowledge
Presentation

So far so good

ER
Knowledge
Presentation

Very encouraging, and I enjoy working with her

CO
Knowledge
Presentation

My son has been with Barjeana for a few sessions now and loves her! She is so knowledgeable and patient. Best of all she makes the sessions fun and interactive. He struggles with focus, but she keeps him engaged in the session and on track. He looks forward to his tutoring with Ms. Barjeana. ...

IB
Knowledge
Presentation

He was great and very knowledgeable on the subject of chemistry, however there was a language barrier

GG
Knowledge
Presentation

Excellent tutor! He is very knowledgeable of the content! Our son has improved his grades since he started with Mr. Lopez!

KW
Knowledge
Presentation

Mario takes his time explaining each concept. I am finally understanding the subject and my test grades have approved drastically.

DY
Knowledge
Presentation

Excellent experience. Very good teacher

AJ
Knowledge
Presentation

I think Lisa Chaney is a great tutorial but I also think Corwon need a little more practice.

JB
Knowledge
Presentation

Hi my name is Jarian Brooks and I would recommend Greg to anyone who needs tutoring. I'm very pleased and very happy with the changes in my daughter with Greg.

DH
Knowledge
Presentation

McKenna has a good grasp of the AP pre-calc work that my daughter is work that my daughter is doing. She's able to help explain in a way that makes sense and has resulted in a benefit of my daughter turning her grades around significantly. I would gladly recommend McKenna for tutoring AP...

NH
Knowledge
Presentation

Carols warmth, experience and ability to truly connect with children is priceless. So happy we chose Frog tutoring!!!

KP
Knowledge
Presentation

Jade has a talent for working with school students. She is meticulous in her planning and focuses on helping children improve in specific areas. I highly recommend her teaching methods. Additionally, she is proactive in informing us of any potential issues in advance. We truly appreciate her...

RS
Knowledge
Presentation

she is so patient and very interactive, my son needs to be engaged and shes
doing great in that regard.

RS
Knowledge
Presentation

wonderful experience, my son likes lisa, shes taught him things he didnt know before and he is more confident.

Ya
Knowledge
Presentation

{not commented yet}she is very professional and patience with my son I like the strategy she use working with him. She have great knowledge on tutoring

HC
Knowledge
Presentation

Very helpful

HC
Knowledge
Presentation

Jade deserves thousands of stars. Best tutor I have ever had. She explains things in a clear concise manner. He knowledge base is amazing. She is amazing and I am so grateful for her help!!!!!!

IR
Knowledge
Presentation

Gregory excels as a tutor, demonstrating a genuine passion for teaching and a deep commitment to facilitating student learning. He meticulously delves into the intricacies of concepts, ensuring a thorough understanding by students. Gregory effectively uses examples to actively engage students in...

NM
Knowledge
Presentation

Jessie has been awesome with my kids. My daughter struggled with math last year, and Jessie got her completely up to speed in being an A student!

NY
Knowledge
Presentation

{not commented yet}
Carol was wonderful. My child has a lot of energy and Carol was able to work with her and engage her in the lesson. Carol has so many ideas and resources at the ready to shift my child's focus back to the lesson. I'm looking forward to continuing with these sessions...

KC
Knowledge
Presentation

Very helpful and thorough when working with my son. She was very knowledgeable and could convey my son's learning material in a way that he understood. He went from AB Honoroll to A Honoroll! Thank you, Olivia!

RS
Knowledge
Presentation

We had a few sessions with Ms. Barron virtually and it was amazing to see how creative she was explaining the reading concepts to my 5 year old. We initially had some technical difficulties but she did a great job with improvising to ensure my daughter had a productive session. overall, i enjoyed...

RS
Knowledge
Presentation

Mr. Forster has been amazing for my 7 year old daughter. I requested tutoring primarily to help her with math. Coming out of first grade, she seemed to be struggling a little so over the holidays, i started her on tutoring to prepare her for 2nd grade. Over the past few months, her knowledge and...

LW
Knowledge
Presentation

AJ was very patient and knowledgeable of the content. He provide a very detailed and concise explanation with care which helped to ease my anxiety about math.

AP
Knowledge
Presentation

Kevin has been absolutely wonderful and patient while helping me prepare for my upcoming TEAS test exam. He explains things very thoroughly and takes time to make sure that I really understand the material being presented. I am very happy to have him as a tutor and he has helped me with a lot in...

JS
Knowledge
Presentation

Izzy was a great tutor. She clearly knew the subject matter.

TR
Knowledge
Presentation

Paul was knowledgably and friendly. He was always flexible, and worked around what was convenient for me.

D.
Knowledge
Presentation

great on helping me understand key concepts and helped with providing practice which allowed me to excel in my class

D.
Knowledge
Presentation

helped with my understanding of code and was able to do a great job on the AP exam

Es
Knowledge
Presentation

Very humorous and fun approach to physics. He makes physics interesting to learn.

AM
Knowledge
Presentation

I loved working with her. She set up a very comforting environment for me and was extremely understanding of anything I struggled with, not only that but I enjoyed being able to converse with her on how my brain works during tests and she gave me the appropriate amount of advice to overcome my...

KR
Knowledge
Presentation

Varre has done a wonderful job of tutoring my high school junior in both AP Physics and accelerated junior year math (Precalculus.). Prior to working with Varre, my son’s grades had been slipping and he was struggling with the concepts in both courses. Varre worked with him for a few weeks and...

SF
Knowledge
Presentation

Francisco is a wonderful tutor. My son is in college and we have used Frog Tutors off and on through high school and a couple of times since he's been in college. Francisco is not only very knowledgeable but the way he presents the material and re-teaches concepts is incredible. My son was...

NM
Knowledge
Presentation

Alex was my tutor for my Fall 2023 OSM 202: Intro to Business Analytics Course. He was always available, energetic, and open to all situations. We encountered a difficult situation in this course almost on a weekly basis and even when I became very frustrated, Alex knew how to calm me down. I...

AR
Knowledge
Presentation

Anthony has been encouraging and kind to our son who has severe adhd. Anthony has a large knowledge base and present material thoughtfully and thoroughly.

LM
Knowledge
Presentation

Great!!!!!

Qualification and Certification of College Algebra Tutors Near Me In Saddle Brook, NJ


  • Undergraduate
  • Bachelor degree holders
  • Master degree holders
  • Ph.D. holders
  • Teaching Certification
  • Professional Certificate
  • Background checks
  • Tutoring experience
  • Continuous education
  • FrogTutoring verification certification

Saddle Brook, NJ College Algebra Tutoring Rates


  • Price range from $37/hr - $65/hr
  • Rates vary based on the type of tutoring, methods used, and the number of hours required.
  • Contact our enrollment team to receive your personalized rate.

Tutoring Methods of Our Private Tutors In Saddle Brook, NJ


  • In-person/in-home tutoring
  • Online tutoring
  • One-on-one tutoring
  • Group lessons tutoring.

Tools We Use For Online College Algebra Tutoring


  • Zoom
  • FrogTutoring custom online tutoring platform
  • The Lesson space

Our College Algebra Clientele In Saddle Brook, NJ


  • High school students
  • Middle school students
  • College students
  • Adults
  • Special needs students

Tutoring Locations For College Algebra In Saddle Brook, NJ


  • Student homes
  • Public Libraries
  • Saddle Brook neighborhoods and suburbs

Sign up now for our one-on-one private College Algebra tutoring in Saddle Brook, NJ


Saddle Brook, NJ Tutoring FAQ

How do I find a qualified tutor in Saddle Brook, NJ?

To find a qualified tutor in Saddle Brook, NJ, consider reaching out to local tutoring services like FrogTutoring, which offers personalized matching with qualified educators based on your specific needs and goals. You can also check reviews, ask for referrals from friends, or consult with teachers for recommendations.

What subjects can I get tutored in Saddle Brook, NJ?

In Saddle Brook, NJ, you can get tutored in a wide range of subjects including math, science, English, foreign languages, and more. FrogTutoring, for example, provides comprehensive tutoring services for all grade levels in various subjects, ensuring you or your child can find expert help in the area you're looking to improve.

Are there any SAT prep tutors in Saddle Brook, NJ?

Yes, Saddle Brook, NJ offers SAT prep tutors who can help students prepare for the SAT exam. FrogTutoring features experienced SAT prep tutors who provide customized study plans, practice tests, and strategies to increase test scores and confidence.

What is the average cost of tutoring services in Saddle Brook, NJ?

The average cost of tutoring services in Saddle Brook, NJ can vary widely based on factors such as the subject, tutor's qualifications, and session length. FrogTutoring provides competitive pricing and works with clients to offer tutoring packages that accommodate various budgets while maintaining high-quality tutoring services.

How can I ensure the tutor I choose is a good fit for my child's learning style?

To ensure a good fit, discuss your child's learning style and needs with potential tutors. FrogTutoring offers consultation to understand these needs and pairs students with tutors who have the teaching style and expertise that align with your child's learning preferences. Monitoring the initial sessions for effectiveness and comfort can also help in making the right choice.

Can I get online tutoring in Saddle Brook, NJ?

Absolutely, online tutoring is available in Saddle Brook, NJ. FrogTutoring provides convenient and flexible online tutoring options, allowing students to learn from the comfort of their own home with access to a broader range of tutors specialized in various subjects and levels.

College Algebra FAQ

What topics are covered in college algebra tutoring?

College algebra tutoring typically covers a range of topics including, but not limited to, linear equations and inequalities, quadratic equations, functions and their properties, polynomial and rational expressions, exponential and logarithmic functions, systems of equations, sequences, series, and possibly an introduction to matrices and determinants. The exact topics might vary depending on the course curriculum and individual needs.

How does college algebra tutoring help improve my grades?

College algebra tutoring can help improve your grades by providing personalized instruction tailored to your learning style and pace, clarifying complex concepts, offering additional practice problems, teaching problem-solving strategies, and preparing you for exams with focused review sessions. It offers a supportive environment to ask questions and build confidence in your algebra skills.

Can college algebra tutoring be done online?

Yes, college algebra tutoring can be done online. Many tutoring services provide virtual sessions using video conferencing tools, digital whiteboards, and other online resources to facilitate learning. Online tutoring offers flexibility and convenience, allowing you to learn from the comfort of your home at times that suit your schedule.

How do I choose the right college algebra tutor?

To choose the right college algebra tutor, consider their qualifications, experience, teaching style, availability, and the feedback from previous students. Look for a tutor with a strong understanding of algebra, good communication skills, and a method of teaching that resonates with your learning style. It's often helpful to have an initial session to ensure the tutor is a good fit.

How often should I meet with my college algebra tutor?

The frequency of meetings with your college algebra tutor should be based on your individual learning needs, the difficulty of the material, and your goals. Many students find that meeting 1-2 times per week provides a good balance between independent study and guided learning. During periods of intense study, like before an exam, you might increase the tutoring sessions.

Common Questions on College Algebra Tutors

How can a college algebra tutor help me improve my skills?

A college algebra tutor can provide personalized instruction, tailored to your individual learning style and pace. They can identify your strengths and weaknesses and focus on the areas that require the most improvement. With a tutor, you'll get one-on-one guidance to understand algebraic concepts, work through difficult problems, and develop effective study habits for long-term success in math. If you're looking to boost your algebra skills, click here to request a tutor or to learn more about our services.

What topics in college algebra can a tutor help me with?

A college algebra tutor can assist you with a wide range of topics, including but not limited to: functions and their properties, systems of equations, polynomials, factoring, rational expressions, complex numbers, inequalities, and quadratic equations. No matter which particular areas you find challenging, a tutor can provide the support you need. To start mastering these topics, click here to request a tutor or discover more about our comprehensive tutoring services.

How do I find the right college algebra tutor for me?

Finding the right college algebra tutor involves considering your specific needs, such as your learning objectives, schedule, and the tutor's experience and teaching style. FrogTutoring can match you with a qualified tutor who meets your individual requirements and can adapt their approach to suit your learning preferences. To find a tutor who is the perfect fit for you, click here to learn more about our matching process.

Are online college algebra tutors as effective as in-person tutors?

Online college algebra tutors can be just as effective as in-person tutors due to the convenience, flexibility, and access to a wider range of resources. With technologies such as video conferencing, interactive whiteboards, and shared files, online tutoring provides immersive and interactive learning experiences. To try out effective online algebra tutoring with specialized tutors, click here to request a tutor or find out more about our online tutoring options.

What are the benefits of hiring a college algebra tutor from FrogTutoring?

Hiring a college algebra tutor from FrogTutoring comes with numerous benefits, including access to highly qualified tutors, personalized lesson plans, schedule flexibility, and convenience. With FrogTutoring, you'll receive targeted assistance aimed at improving your understanding and performance in algebra. To take advantage of these benefits and boost your algebra abilities, click here to request a tutor or explore our tutoring services further.

Saddle Brook, NJ Neighborhoods We Service

Saddle Brook, nestled within Bergen County, New Jersey, is a vibrant, close-knit suburban community offering its residents a true sense of neighborhood pride and connectivity. As we take a closer look, you'll find that Saddle Brook's residential areas, though not always distinctly defined like larger cities, harmonize to create a town that's as diverse as it is unified.

We begin our neighborhood journey with the heart of the township, where the Municipal Hall and the Saddle Brook High School are situated. This central area embodies a shared space where town events, educational pursuits, and local governance harmonize, creating a hub around which community life revolves.

Venturing northward, we come across the area surrounding Franklin Elementary School, a neighborhood known for its family-friendly atmosphere and beautiful homes that line the manicured streets. It's a place where neighbors know one another, and children can be seen playing in yards or biking along the quiet streets.

To the south, the vicinity of Long Memorial Elementary School paints a picture of a community invested in education and recreation, with parks and playgrounds dotting the landscape. The school itself serves as a landmark, bringing together families for educational and extracurricular activities.

Heading west, we navigate to the area adjacent to Washington Elementary School. Here, homes boast larger lots, and the neighborhood retreats ever so slightly from the bustle of central Saddle Brook, providing a more tranquil residential setting that's still within a stone's throw of town comforts.

Just east of the town's core, the neighborhood around Saddle River Road flourishes with a blend of residential and commercial properties. The convenience of having shops and services nearby makes this area particularly attractive to those who value amenities within easy reach.

While Saddle Brook may not have neighborhoods in the traditional sense, each section of the town reflects a unique characteristic and charm. From the outskirts near the Saddle Brook Diner—a local favorite and dining landmark—to the newer developments that have merged seamlessly with older, established blocks, the town continues to evolve while maintaining its homely essence.

Every corner of Saddle Brook contributes to the town's welcoming spirit, from the eastern corridor with its connection to major highways, facilitating easy commutes, to the peaceful western enclaves that border the neighboring towns and offer a slightly more secluded living experience.

In essence, the neighborhoods of Saddle Brook, NJ, are more than just geographic locations; they are pockets of community spirit, each playing a part in the symphony of suburban life that makes the town not just a place to live, but a place to call home. Whether you come for the schools, the parks, the accessibility, or the sense of belonging, Saddle Brook welcomes you to join its community and create a life within its nurturing borders.

About Saddle Brook, NJ And It’s Education Institutions

Saddle Brook, New Jersey, is a township with rich history and community spirit, nestled in Bergen County. Founded in 1716, initially named Saddle River Township and later shortened to Saddle Brook in 1955, it has grown from its early colonial roots to a bustling suburb with a population of approximately 14,000 residents. Notable landmarks that stand testament to its history include the Saddle River County Park, a popular green haven with a picturesque waterfall, and the historic Vander Plaat House, which exemplifies the architecture of the late 1700s. This town prides itself on its intimate community feel while providing easy access to the amenities of larger cities, with New York City just a short drive away.

Education is a cornerstone of the Saddle Brook community, with the Saddle Brook School District serving the area's youth with dedication. The district comprises several schools, including Helen I. Smith School, Franklin Elementary School, Washington School, Long Memorial School, and Saddle Brook Middle/High School, which together provide K-12 education to local students. While there are no universities directly within Saddle Brook's boundaries, it is within proximity to higher education institutions in nearby communities. Additionally, education resources are readily available to students, including the Saddle Brook Free Public Library, which offers an array of programs, from technology workshops to literacy initiatives, ensuring that students at all levels have the support they need to succeed.

In summary, Saddle Brook marries history with modern suburbia. It is a tight-knit community with a focus on education and quality of life. Although there are no top-ranked private K-12 schools within its borders, the public schools are well-regarded and central to the town's identity. The Saddle Brook School District is committed to academic excellence, boasting a variety of educational resources that ensure a supportive learning environment for all students. Residents cherish their local landmarks, and the town's accessible location makes it an ideal place for families looking for a blend of tranquil living and the vibrancy of nearby urban centers.

Students at These Saddle Brook, NJ Schools Excel with Our Tutoring

Our tutoring services have had the privilege of assisting students from a variety of exceptional schools in Saddle Brook, NJ. Below is a sample list of top schools, including both private and public institutions, whose students have benefited from our educational support. It is important to note that this list is not exhaustive; it merely represents a sample of the schools in the area. Families seeking comprehensive educational opportunities have consistently found Saddle Brook to be an area enriched with quality education at every level.

  1. Saddle Brook High School
  2. Long Memorial Elementary School
  3. Franklin Elementary School
  4. Helen I. Smith Elementary School
  5. Washington Elementary School
  6. St. Philip the Apostle Preparatory School
  7. Saddle River Day School
  8. Bergen Catholic High School
  9. Paramus Catholic High School
  10. The Elisabeth Morrow School
  11. Don Bosco Preparatory High School
  12. Bergen County Academies
  13. Academy of the Holy Angels
  14. Immaculate Heart Academy
  15. Montessori School of East Rutherford
  16. Eastern Christian School
  17. Al-Ghazaly High School
  18. The Dwight-Englewood School
  19. Ridgewood High School
  20. Pascack Valley High School

Please note that the availability and quality of education can vary, and it's crucial for parents and students to conduct thorough research to find the best match for their educational needs and goals.

About College Algebra & College Algebra Tutoring

Definition

College Algebra refers to a course commonly required in many higher education institutions designed to provide a solid foundation in algebraic principles and techniques. It extends upon the algebraic concepts taught in high school and focuses on their more in-depth application, often serving as a prerequisite for other advanced mathematics courses or specialized subject areas.

Description

This course emphasizes the development of skills in algebraic thinking and the proficient manipulation of algebraic expressions. It explores functions, models, and the analysis of their behavior, often covering polynomial, rational, exponential, and logarithmic functions.

Type of College Algebra

Types may vary depending on the institution, but they usually include:

  • Traditional College Algebra: Focuses on equations, inequalities, functions, and their graphs.
  • College Algebra with Modeling: Incorporates real-world applications and the use of functions to model scenarios.
  • College Algebra for STEM: A more rigorous version, often with an emphasis on problem-solving and higher-level thinking skills required for science, technology, engineering, and mathematics majors.

Related entities to College Algebra

Related entities include Precalculus, Trigonometry, Calculus, and Statistics, as each of these mathematical subjects often relies on the foundational knowledge acquired through College Algebra. Mathematical software, such as graphing calculators and computer algebra systems, are also closely associated tools that facilitate understanding and problem-solving within the course.

Best Strategy for Tutoring College Algebra

When tutoring someone who struggles with College Algebra, it's crucial to adopt a strategy that caters to individual learning styles. Step-by-step explanations are often effective, and regular practice with varied problem types. Encouraging a strong grasp of fundamental concepts before progressing to more complex ones is essential. Visual aids and real-life applications can provide context and help students relate to the material, improving retention.

Most Common Concepts in College Algebra

The most common concepts include solving linear and quadratic equations, exploring the properties and graphs of functions, and operating with polynomials. Also, understanding relations, the concept of inverses, and working with rational expressions are pivotal.

Most Difficult Concepts in College Algebra

Students often find the following topics challenging:

  • Complex numbers: Understanding operations involving imaginary units.
  • Inequalities and absolute value: Grasping the nuances in their graphical representation and solution intervals.
  • Exponential and logarithmic functions: These require a conceptual leap in understanding the relationship between the functions and their applications.
  • Word problems: Translating real-world scenarios into algebraic expressions and equations can be quite difficult for those who struggle with abstract thinking.

Tackling the subject patiently and methodically with a quality tutoring approach can significantly alleviate the difficulties associated with College Algebra.

Other Subjects We Tutor In Saddle Brook, NJ


Subjects We Tutor In Saddle Brook, NJ



Popular Subjects
College Subjects
High School Subjects
Middle School Subjects
Elementary School Subjects
Test Prep Subjects
Music Lessons Subjects
Computer Subjects
Language Lessons Subjects
Preschool Subjects
Adult Learning Subjects